Different Types of Brokers
- The first step in choosing a broker is finding out what your choices are. You don't just walk into a restaurant, knowing what to order right away, do you? Not unless you're a frequent customer there, of course. More often than not, you check out their menu first to see what they have to offer.
- There are two main types of brokers: Dealing Desks (DD) and No Dealing Desks. Dealing Desk (NDD) brokers are also called Market Makers, while No Dealing Desks can be further subdivided into Straight Through Processing (STP) and Electronic Communication Network + Straight Through Processing (ECN+STP).
What is a Dealing Desk Broker a.k.a. Market Maker?
Forex brokers that operate through Dealing Desk (DD) brokers make money through spreads and by trading against their clients. Also called market makers, Dealing Desk brokers literally create a market and artificial forex exchange rates for their clients. While you may think that there is a conflict of interest, there really isn't. Market makers provide both a sell and buy quote, which implies that they are indifferent to the decision of the trader.
Since market makers control prices, it also follows that there is very little risk for them to set FIXED spreads (you will understand why this is so better later). Also, clients of dealing desk brokers do not see the real interbank market rates. Don't be scared though, the competition among brokers is so stiff that the rates offered by Dealing Desks brokers are close, if not the same, to the interbank rate.
Trading using a Dealing Desk broker basically works this way:
Let's say you place a buy order for EUR/USD for 100,000 units with your Dealing Desk broker. To fill you, your broker will first try to find a matching sell order from its other clients or pass your trades on to its liquidity provider, i.e. a sizable entity that readily buys or sells a financial asset.
By doing this, they minimize risk, as they earn from the spread without taking the opposite side of your trade. However, in the event that there are no matching orders, they will have to take the opposite side of your trade. Take note that different brokers have different risk management policies, so check with your broker regarding this.
What is a No Dealing Desk Broker?
As the name suggests, No Dealing Desk (NDD) brokers do NOT pass their clients' orders through a Dealing Desk. This means that they do not take the other side of their clients' trade as they simply link two parties together.
NDDs are like bridge builders: they build a structure over an otherwise impassable or hard-to-pass terrain to connect two areas. NDDs can either charge a very small commission for trading or just put a markup by increasing the spread slightly.
No Dealing Desk brokers can either be STP or STP+ECN.
(to be continued)
- The first step in choosing a broker is finding out what your choices are. You don't just walk into a restaurant, knowing what to order right away, do you? Not unless you're a frequent customer there, of course. More often than not, you check out their menu first to see what they have to offer.
What is a Dealing Desk Broker a.k.a. Market Maker?
Forex brokers that operate through Dealing Desk (DD) brokers make money through spreads and by trading against their clients. Also called market makers, Dealing Desk brokers literally create a market and artificial forex exchange rates for their clients. While you may think that there is a conflict of interest, there really isn't. Market makers provide both a sell and buy quote, which implies that they are indifferent to the decision of the trader.
Since market makers control prices, it also follows that there is very little risk for them to set FIXED spreads (you will understand why this is so better later). Also, clients of dealing desk brokers do not see the real interbank market rates. Don't be scared though, the competition among brokers is so stiff that the rates offered by Dealing Desks brokers are close, if not the same, to the interbank rate.
Trading using a Dealing Desk broker basically works this way:
By doing this, they minimize risk, as they earn from the spread without taking the opposite side of your trade. However, in the event that there are no matching orders, they will have to take the opposite side of your trade. Take note that different brokers have different risk management policies, so check with your broker regarding this.
What is a No Dealing Desk Broker?
As the name suggests, No Dealing Desk (NDD) brokers do NOT pass their clients' orders through a Dealing Desk. This means that they do not take the other side of their clients' trade as they simply link two parties together.
No Dealing Desk brokers can either be STP or STP+ECN.
(to be continued)